An Ethnography on Menstrual History and Culture in Taiwan: The Collision of Culture, Folk Beliefs, and Customs



In Taiwan, numerous customs and taboos surround menstruation and the body. Many have heard the age-old saying, "Menstruators on their periods must not enter temples to pray." Some believe this stems from the notion that menstruation is impure and offends the deities, rendering prayers ineffective. Others attribute it to the "yin" (negative or dark) energy associated with menstruation. The explanations are as diverse as they are pervasive.
"Are these beliefs grounded in fact? Do they truly hold up?"
In the making of An Ethnography on Menstrual History and Culture in Taiwan, our team spent a full year conducting in-depth interviews across twelve temples throughout Taiwan. Covering deities of diverse genders and attributes, including Mazu, the City God, Queen Mother of the West, King Qingshan, and Guanyin. We also gathered insights from temple managers, committee chairs, directors, and palanquin team leaders.
Our editorial team also immersed themselves in one of Taiwan’s largest religious and cultural traditions: the Dajia Mazu Pilgrimage. Furthermore, we interviewed experts in religious anthropology and Taiwanese folk culture, along with local village elders who possess deep familiarity with temple traditions, capturing diverse perspectives and lived experiences.
By examining gender and menstruation through the lenses of folk religion and sociocultural context, we officially published An Ethnography on Menstrual History and Culture in Taiwan in late 2023. We invited over ten temples across Taiwan to join our Period-Friendly Map as "Period-Friendly Temples," collectively identifying breakthroughs for the modern reinterpretation and transformation of traditional customs.